Development of Android-Based MACCA Interactive Multimedia to Improve Second-Grade Students' Understanding of Arithmetic Operations

Abstract

Limited access to age-appropriate interactive mathematics media can make arithmetic operations difficult for elementary school students to understand. This study aimed to develop and evaluate MACCA (Mathematics Android-based Creative and Contextual Application), an Android-based interactive multimedia application for second-grade arithmetic learning. The study employed Research and Development using the ADDIE model: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Participants were 30 second-grade students at SD Islam Athirah 2 Makassar. Data were collected through expert-validation sheets, pretest and posttest measures, student-response questionnaires, observation, and interviews. Material and media experts rated the product as highly feasible. Student responses averaged 3.46, equivalent to 86.5%, indicating very high practicality. Classroom mastery reached 83.33%, and the paired-samples test identified a significant pretest-posttest difference. The effect-size estimate also indicated a large educational effect. These findings show that MACCA is valid, practical, and effective for supporting students' conceptual understanding of arithmetic operations. Its combination of verbal explanations, concrete illustrations, animation, audio, guided practice, and immediate feedback provides an engaging bridge between abstract symbols and concrete learning experiences.